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    What is Diabetes?

    Diabetes (diabetes mellitus) is a disorder of the human body that is characterized by high blood sugar levels, a condition known as hyperglycemia. It is caused either by an insufficient secretion of the glucose-regulating hormone, insulin, or an insufficient response by the body’s cells to insulin.

    What does this mean to the diabetic?

    Before we answer that question, let us first do a primer on fundamental human biology, particularly on the way of energy production.

    All of us need food as a source of energy. When we eat, our bodies will convert the food into energy, usually in the form of glucose, the the bulk basic form of sugar. So this means that the more food we eat the higher our glucose levels get.

    For a person with common health, this does not present a problem because our bodies have their own technique of protecting us from the bad effects of too much sugar in the blood. That protection comes in the form of a hormone called insulin which is secreted by the pancreas. The job of insulin is to regulate the sugar levels in the blood by storing the extra glucose for future use.

    Later, when the body has used up the bulk of its energy insulin tapers off while other hormones kick in releasing the stored glucose. This way helps the body maintain a constant level of energy by allowing it to stay within the range of 80-120 milligrams of glucose per deciliter (mg/dL).

    However, in a person with diabetes, this way is destroyed, leaving him vulnerable to either extremely high energy levels or extremely low. The consequence, of course, could be death, coma, plus complications of various major organs of the body, leading to heart disease, stroke, kidney disease, or blindness. Because of this, diabetes is often characterized as a ‘silent killer.’

    In the United States alone, about 16 million people are diabetic or are sustaining symptoms of diabetes. That means that one out of every ten people have diabetes, which makes the disease one of the the bulk widespread health epidemics in our time.

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